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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a lover of coffee you're probably aware that different types of beans have different flavor profiles. Learn about four of the most popular varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are one of the varieties of Liberica that is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a sweeter and tarter taste profile, and are often used in blends of coffee to add depth.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans comprise 75% of all global production. Arabica beans are more mild and sweeter than Robusta and are available in a variety of flavours. The taste and aroma components of a coffee can vary greatly based on the climatic conditions and processing methods employed to produce it.

The word "coffee" derives from the Arabic word for berry and coffee beans are actually fruit seeds that are cultivated inside bright red berries. It is believed ancient Ethiopian shepherds discovered that their goats were stimulated by eating these fruit berries. The cultivation of coffee grew quickly around the world.

coffee beans costa beans can be grown at higher altitudes, selfstorageinsiders.com and are capable of flourishing when exposed to cool temperatures and lots of rain. This is one of the reasons for why Arabica is regarded as the best tasting type of coffee.

Many specialty Coffee beans gift set shops and roasters focus on the ethical source of arabica beans. They focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans to create unique specialty coffees, which are suitable for a variety of brewing methods. Blending allows control over the aroma, taste and body of the coffee. It is typically preferred to achieve a consistent and balanced flavor that appeals to a wider market.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second most popular type of coffee bean in the world. They contain more caffeine per bean than Arabica and are more resistant to diseases and pests. They also have higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are antioxidants that occur naturally. These acids can cause oxidation in the coffee's brewing process and cause undesirable flavors.

The plant is more robust than the arabica and can thrive in less favorable conditions. It can withstand warmer temperatures and does well in direct sunlight. It produces more coffee per plant and grows more quickly than arabica. This makes it a cost effective crop to grow.

Although it might seem odd Robusta beans are typically blended with arabica beans to create coffee blends. If you find names such as Uganda or Kenya on the coffee bags it's possible that there is also some robusta.

While some roasters use exclusively arabica beans, the majority of roasters use mix the two varieties in order to cut cost and maintain the quality. To ensure the integrity of the flavor it is recommended to select the highest quality beans from a reliable source. This can be accomplished by purchasing your beans directly from farmers.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football-shaped which distinguishes them from other varieties of coffee beans. They have a distinctive aroma that is fruity and floral with the smoky notes. They are paired with other coffee bean types to provide them with a more rich and more robust taste.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They are well-adapted to humid, hot climates and can thrive at low altitudes. They also have a more resistant to diseases than Arabica and Robusta.

These qualities make them perfect for growing at home. Online, you can buy seeds from numerous sources. However, it's recommended to purchase the beans from local producers in order to ensure the highest quality. The ideal conditions for the cultivation of Liberica coffee plants include fertile deep volcanic soils that have a moderately acidic pH and sufficient annual rainfall.

Another kind of coffee bean is Excelsa which was previously considered to be a separate species but was later re-classified to be a variation of Liberica. These oval-shaped coffee beans are found on large coffee plants that can reach 20 to 30 feet in height at medium altitudes. Their distinctive flavor is tart and sour, making them a popular option for blends that are house-made. They have a milder aroma and caffeine content than Arabica or Robusta but still possess a distinct depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth-most popular type of coffee beans, Excelsa beans aren't so easy to locate as Arabica or Robusta. In fact, they were considered a separate coffee plant species until 2006 when they were changed to a synonym for Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. They are grown in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% of the global production of coffee. The coffee beans have the shape of teardrops and possess a dark, mysterious taste. They are typically used to give blends additional body and a rich tart taste of ripe fruit.

Arabica beans are by far the most sought-after and are known for their sweeter flavor. They thrive at high altitudes and enjoy warm, tropical climates. They have a little acidity. If brewed and roasted correctly they can be flavored like nuts, chocolate or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most sought-after coffee around the world. It makes up around 40% of all coffee bean shop consumed worldwide. These beans are rounder and smaller, but contain twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and tend to have woody and earthy overtones.

After learning about the four most common types of brew, it's time to pick your favorite drink. If you want a smooth mild flavor, go for an arabica bean or a blend of robusta and arabica beans.