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It's an proxy or proxy server. is a server software program that serves as an intermediary between a the server and the client on the internet. Without an intermediary, the user can send a request every resource straight to the server, and the server would then serve any requested resources directly to customer. While this process is simple to understand and apply using proxy servers, it could provide benefits in terms of more performance and privacy, security and much more. As a pass-through layer the proxy acts as a security guardian of the internet between the servers and clients.




In general, the combination of server hardware as well as software to install proxy servers is commonly referred to as proxy servers. In this article, we'll focus on proxies typically understood as software, as well as the ones used together with web servers. You will get a breakdown of the two major types of proxies, a forward proxy and a reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own usage scenario, which is often misunderstood because of the naming conventions that are similar.




This article will give you an understanding of what proxy servers and subtypes of them are, as well as what they can do for common setups. Through this article, users will be able to identify the scenarios in which an effective proxy could be beneficial, and choose the right solution between reverse and forward proxy options for each scenario.



Understanding Forward Proxies



In other words, a forward proxy is also known as the open proxy is a representative of the client who is trying to transmit a request via the internet to a server that originated. In this case, the entire attempt to send requests from the client will be sent by the forward-proxy. In this case an agent acting on behalf of the forward proxy in in the place of the customer will review the request. It is the first thing to determine which client has the authority to make requests to this particular forward proxy. It will then reject this request and send it back to the server that originally sent it. The client isn't able to connect directly to the internet. It will only be able to connect to what the forward proxy gives it access to.




One of the most popular reasons for forward proxy is to provide greater privacy or security on the internet. A forward proxy is able to connect to the internet lieu of a client, and in that process it can use an alternative IP address that is different from the original IP address of the client.




Based on the way it was configured in the past forward proxy servers are able to offer a range of services and let you:




Avoid ad tracking.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can identify limitations based on your geographic location.




Forward proxies are also employed in security systems that require centralized and allow access based on permissions for instance, at work. When all internet traffic goes through an open forward proxy, an administrator is able to allow access only to specific users to the internet, and this is then filtered by a common firewall. Instead of having firewalls installed to protect the client layer which could comprise a range of computers with different environments and users and environment, a firewall may be placed in the front proxy layer.




Take note of the fact that forward proxy servers have to be manually configured for use, However reverse proxy will be ignored in the eyes of the customer. Based on the fact that the address IP of the customer is transmitted to the origin server via an forward proxy. Privacy and anonymity could be granted or ignored.




There are many options to consider for forward proxies:




Apache is a well-known open-source web server that provides forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx: Another widely used open-source server used for web hosting that has forward proxy functions.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy which uses the HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide the entire web server. We've got a guide on how to set up Squid proxy so that it allows private connections to Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it better appropriate for scenarios like peer-to peer traffic. You can also explore how you can create a Dante proxy to connect privately on Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy acts as an agent of web servers, which handles incoming requests by clients on behalf of. This web server may comprise a single server, or a number of servers. It could also serve in the role of an application server such as Gunicorn. In any of these situations, a request could come from a client via the internet at large. The majority of the time it will be routed direct to the website hosting the services the customer requires. A reverse proxy is a intermediary, which separates Web servers and direct interaction with the open internet.




From a client's perspective that is a user's viewpoint using reverse proxy isn't different from connecting directly to your website server. It's exactly the same, but the client isn't able to be able to tell the distinction. The client requests an item and is given it without any additional configuration that needs to be done by the client.




Reverse proxy proxy servers can offer features, like:




A centralized layer of security to protect the server.


Controlling traffic inbound based on rules you can set up.


A new feature to cache has been added.




While central security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxy service, reverse proxies provide this service to this level of an internet server, not that layer of the internet server, which is called client. Instead of focusing on maintaining firewalls on the layer of web servers that may contain multiple servers with different configurations, the majority of firewall security is focused on the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, removing the obligation of interfacing with a firewall as well as interacting with the requests of clients from web servers lets them focus solely on serving the requirements of their clients.




If there are several servers that are running a reverse proxy the reverse proxy takes care of the way requests are routed to which server. A number of web servers could be offering the same content, but they may offer different kinds of content, or a combination of both. They may be using the HTTP protocol like a traditional web server, but they may include applications server protocols such as FastCGI. You may also set up reverse proxy servers to redirect the clients towards specific servers based on the resource requested, or to observe certain rules for traffic load.




Reverse proxies also can make use of their position on top of web servers by providing caching capabilities. Large static files can be configured using caching rules to prevent the server from getting hit every time a request is made and some solutions even offer the possibility of providing static files directly without touching the web server in any way. In addition the reverse proxy can be able to handle compressing these files.




The popular Nginx web server has become a wildly popular reverse proxy service. Although the Apache web server is equipped with a reverse proxy feature, it is an additional choice for Apache as opposed to Nginx was initially designed for and focused on reverse proxy functionality.



Distinguishing Forward Proxy from reverse Proxy Use Examples



Because "forward" along with "reverse" are both associated with an impression of directionality and a false comparison with "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic. These labels can confuse because each type of proxy handles both responses and requests. A better approach to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy services is to think about the requirements of the application that you are developing.




Reverse proxy can be useful in designing solutions that deliver web-based apps via the internet. They represent your web servers in all interactions with the internet.




Forward proxy can be useful when it is placed in front of client traffic for personal use or in a work environment. They represent your client traffic every time you connect to the internet.




The use case distinction rather than focusing solely on the similar naming conventions will assist in eliminating confusion.



Conclusion



This article explains what a proxy is, with the two main kinds being reverse and forward proxy. Examples of practical applications and a review of useful characteristics were used to determine forward proxies and reverse proxy. If you're interested in learning more about the process of implementing proxy services, you can refer to our tutorial on how you can configure Nginx as a web server and reverse proxy on Apache running on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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