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An proxy is also referred to as a proxy server software that serves to act as an intermediary between a client and server via the internet. Without an intermediary the user would an inquiry directly to the server and the server will serve the resource directly back for the client. While this process is simple to understand and apply using proxies, it can provide benefits including increased speed and privacy, and many more. In addition to offering a security layer they also act as a guardian for the internet between clients and servers.




Generally speaking, the bundled package of servers that have installed proxy software is commonly referred to as proxy servers. However, this article will concentrate on proxy servers that are traditionally referred to as software, but also within the context of web servers. We will provide a brief overview of the two primary types: one is one that is a forward proxy and the other a reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own usage, which may be confusing due to the identical namesake convention.




This article will equip you with the understanding of the types of proxy services available and their subtypes, and ways that they can be helpful in common configurations. In this article, you'll in a position to recognize the scenarios that you can gain from a proxy and choose the right solution between reverse and forward proxy in any situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Forward proxy also known by the name of an open proxy serves as the representative of a customer who would like to transmit requests over the internet to a server that initiated it. In this case, it's the situation that all requests received from the client will instead be sent direct through forward proxy. This forward proxy acting on behalf on behalf of client examine into the request. In the beginning, it will decide whether the client is allowed to submit requests through this particular forward proxy. Then, it will either reject requests or redirect it to the origin server. The client isn't able to have directly access to internet; it can only be capable of accessing the details that the forward proxy enables the client to access.




One popular reason to use forward proxy is the desire for more privacy or security online. Forward proxy has the ability to connect to the internet as the client. In this way, it is using another IP address in comparison to the IP address of your client.




Based on the way it has been set up, and the way it has been configured forward proxy could perform a variety of tasks as well as the ability to:




Beware of Ad-trackers.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can identify restrictions based upon your geolocation.




Forward proxies can also be used in systems of centralized security and access is based on permissions, such as in workplaces. In the event that all internet traffic is routed via an open forward proxy an administrator can restrict access to only certain users to the internet via the common firewall. Instead of establishing firewalls for the client layer, which can include multiple machines that have different configurations and user the firewall can be installed on the forward proxy layer.




Keep in mind that forward proxies need to be manually set up to work and reverse proxies could go unnoticed by the client. Depending on the kind of IP address the client that is transferred to the origin server via forward proxy privacy and anonymity might be granted or not.




There are many possibilities to look into for forward proxies:




Apache is a well-known open-source web server that offers forward proxy features.


Nginx is another well-known open-source webserver with forward proxy capability.


Squid: A free and open source forward proxy that utilizes the HTTP protocol. This doesn't offer an entire web server application. You can refer to our instructions on how to set up Squid proxy to allow private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP and is more suitable for use cases such as with peer-to-peer traffic. You could also find out how to set up Dante proxy to support private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy acts as an agent for a server on the internet and takes care of incoming requests from clients on its behalf. The web server can serve as a single server, or a number of servers. Furthermore, it could function as an app server, such as Gunicorn. In any of these situations the request will come from a user on the internet in general. Most of the time, the request would be sent directly to the webserver that has all the resources that the user is seeking. However, a reverse proxy serves as an intermediary, shielding the webserver from direct contact with the open internet.




From the perspective of the user's viewpoint the procedure of using reverse proxy is not any different than working with the Web server itself. It's functionally the same however the client cannot discern the difference. Client makes the request to access resources, which is then followed by the receipt of it, with no additional configuration required from the client.




Reverse proxy proxies can provide features, like:




Security centralized for web servers.


Directing incoming traffic using rules that can be establish.


The caching feature has been added to the app.




While central security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy services, reverse proxies give this benefit to Web layer servers and not to the layer that clients use. Instead of maintaining firewalls at Web server layers, which can include multiple servers with different configurations, most of firewall security is concentrated at the reverse proxy layer. In addition, getting rid of the necessity of interfacing with firewalls and interfacing with requests from clients via web servers enables them to focus on providing resources.




If there are multiple servers operating behind a reverse proxy, it also manages how requests are routed the correct server. Many web servers may be offering the identical service, but each one serving different types of resources, or a mix of both. These servers may use the HTTP protocol to perform the role of a web server in the traditional sense, however, they may also use application server protocols like FastCGI. You can set up reverse proxy servers to direct clients to certain servers according to the resource being requested, or to observe specific rules regarding traffic load.




Reverse proxies also benefit from their position before web servers due to the power of caching. Large static assets can be set up with caching rules to ensure that they do not have to contact web servers each time they request. There are solutions that offer the option to directly serve static assets without needing to connect to the web server in any way. Additionally, the reverse proxy can handle compression of these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server can be described as a reliable reverse proxy solution. Although you can utilize it, the Apache web server also has a reverse proxy as an added feature of Apache which is in contrast to Nginx was initially designed for and concentrates on reverse proxy functionality.



The distinction between Forward and Reverse Proxy Use. The difference between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use



Because "forward" or "reverse" have connotations that refer to directionality, and false comparisons to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic the labels could be confusing since both kinds of proxy services are able to handle requests as well as respond. The best way to distinguish between forward and reverse proxy services is to take into account the requirements of the application that you are developing.




Reverse proxy can be useful in the development of an application that can serve websites on the internet. They serve as your web servers in any interactions with the internet.




Forward proxy software is beneficial when employed in front of client traffic for your private use, or in a workplace setting. They represent your client's internet traffic, for any interaction on the internet.




Utilizing case-based differentiation instead of focusing on identical naming conventions will help you avoid confusion.



Conclusion



The article clarified definition of a proxy and the two main kinds of them being the forward proxy and the reverse proxy. Practical applications and a look at positive characteristics were utilized in defining forward proxy and reverse proxy. If you're interested to learn more about the implementation of proxy servers check out our guide on how to configure Nginx in a reverse proxy and internet-based server for Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 Server.



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