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The phrase "proxy" is a reference to proxy servers. A proxy or proxy server. A proxy server is an application which acts as a mediator between a client and server on the internet. Without the use of proxy servers, a user could make a request for the resource directly to a server and the server will provide an answer directly for the requester. Although this approach is simple to understand and implement with proxy servers, it could provide advantages in terms of enhanced performance privacy, security, and more. In addition, a pass-through, a proxy acts as a security safeguard for the internet between servers and clients.




The mixture of the server's hardware and installed proxy software is generally referred to as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxy servers that are typically described as software, as well as being used in conjunction with web servers. The article will offer an explanation of the two types: that is a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own usage situation, and is frequently confused due to the similar namesake convention.




This article will give you the understanding of what proxies and subtypes include and the things they perform in the most commonly used configurations. After reading this article, it will be able to determine the scenarios where the use of proxies is beneficial, and choose the best option between forward proxy and reverse proxy for any particular scenario.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Forward proxy sometimes known in the context of an open proxy is a proxy for the user trying to send an internet request to a source server. In this case the entire attempt to send requests initiated by the client will instead be routed through an forward proxy. The forward proxy, acting on behalf of the client, will examine the request. It will first determine whether clients are authorized to make requests via this particular forward proxy. It will then either refuse requests or redirect it to the server that originally made the request. The client doesn't have a direct access to the internet. It can access only what forward proxy allows it to connect to.




The primary reason for people to use forward proxy is for greater privacy or security on the internet. The forward proxy is connected to the internet, not the client. In this process, it uses an IP address distinct from the IP address that the user is using.




Based on the way it has been set up the forward proxy will offer many functions, based upon the way it's configured and allows you to:




Beware of ads-trackers.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find restrictions that are based on your area.




Forward proxies are also employed in systems that offer centralized security and access based on permissions like in workplaces. If all internet traffic flows through an open forward proxy the administrator is able to restrict access only to a select group of clients to the internet. This is blocked by the standard firewall. Instead of setting up firewalls at this layer of clients that could include multiple devices that have different settings and users the firewall could be placed at the layer that forwards proxy traffic.




Take note that forward proxy servers require manual configuration to use and reverse proxies may be ignored by the client. Depending on the type IP address of the user's IP address, the server from which it originated through the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity may be granted or kept in the dark.




There are many options to consider when it comes to forward proxy choices:




Apache is a well-known open-source web server, which provides forward proxy features.


Nginx is another well-known open-source web server that has the ability to forward-proxy.


Squid is a forward-proxy open source which uses an HTTP protocol. It isn't part of the entire web server system. There is a video tutorial on how to install Squid proxy to permit private connections within Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it more suitable for situations such as peer-to-peer traffic. You can also understand how to set up Dante proxy to permit private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy functions as an agent for a web server which manages requests from users for. The web server may consist of a single server or a number of servers. It may also act in the role of an application server like Gunicorn. The request will be made via the internet, generally. Most of the time, the request will be made direct to a server hosting the information that the user is looking for. A reverse proxy functions as an intermediary and separates this webserver from direct interactions with the internet's open.




From the perspective of a user the experience of working with reverse proxy is not distinct from connecting to the webserver in direct contact. It's essentially the same but the client is unable to discern the distinction. A client submits an order for an item and gets it, with no further configuration required from the user.




Reverse proxy providers provide features like:




Centralized security to web server.


It is the direction in which traffic that is coming in is determined by rules you can set up.


The caching functionality is now available to users.




Although central security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxy servers. However, reverse proxy services provide this benefit to only the server layer and not to the layer that clients use. Instead of having to maintain firewalls on the web server layer which may comprise several servers that have different configurations, the majority of firewall security is placed on the reverse proxy layer. In addition, the ease of interacting with firewalls and responding to requests from customers who don't have web servers allows them to concentrate on providing the needs of their clients.




If there are multiple servers operating within a reverse proxy the reverse proxy also is responsible for the direction of the requests directed to which servers. There may be several web servers that provide the same service, but providing different types of resources or a mixture of both. They can use their HTTP protocol to function as a standard web server, however they may also be equipped with protocols for application servers like FastCGI. It is possible to create a reverse proxy to direct users to specific servers based on the request for resource, or adhere to certain rules regarding the volume of traffic.




Reverse proxies can also benefit from their location above web servers, by providing the capability to store information. Massive static resources can be set up with caching rules to avoid from hitting web servers with each request. Certain solutions allow the delivery of static files without needing to connect to the servers in any manner. Additionally reverse proxy has the capability to compress these files.




The popular Nginx web server is also used as an extremely popular reverse proxy solution. Even though Apache can also be regarded as a reverse proxy service however, Apache is a reverse proxy service. Apache web server also has reverse proxy capability as an extra option for Apache however Nginx was originally designed and is focused on the reverse proxy feature.



Distinguishing the use of forward and reverse proxy Examples



Because "forward" and "reverse" are both associated with a sense of directionality, and false comparisons with "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic could be confusing since both types of proxies handle both responses and requests. The best way to differentiate between reverse and forward proxy is to look at the requirements of the app that you're constructing.




A reverse proxy could be helpful in the design of a method to offer web-based applications over the internet. They are your web servers when you are on the internet.




Forward proxy can be useful when placed before clients to use for personal purposes, or in a workplace. They represent the traffic of your client whenever you connect to the internet.




The use of case-based distinction instead of using commonly used naming conventions can assist in avoiding confusion.



Conclusion



In this article, we clarified the meaning of a proxy with the two main types that are forward and the reverse proxy. Examples of how to use them and a discussion of the most effective features were employed to differentiate between forward and reverse proxies. If you're interested in learning more about the advantages in proxy server, learn how to configure Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy for Apache using an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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