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It is proxy or proxy server. proxy or proxy server. is a server software program which serves as an intermediary between a the server and the client via the internet. In the absence of an intermediary a user could make a request for or resource to the server directly, and the server will serve any requested resources directly to client. Although this is a simple process to understand and implement using proxy servers, it could provide advantages in the form of greater performance, privacy, security, and much more. As a layer of pass-through, the proxy acts as a security intermediary between the servers and clients.




Generally speaking, the bundled combination of server hardware as well as software used to set up proxy installations is often referred in the context of proxy servers. In this article, we will examine proxies commonly referred to as software, and those that are used together with web servers. You will get a breakdown of the two main types of proxies, a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own usage scenario, which is often misunderstood due to the naming conventions that are similar.




This article will provide you with an understanding of what proxy servers and their subtypes are as well as what they can do for most common configurations. Through this article, users will be able to identify the scenarios where an effective proxy can be advantageous, and then choose the best option between forward and reverse proxy to suit your needs in any given circumstance.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Also forward proxy, also known as the open proxy is the representative of a client that is trying to send requests via the internet to a server that originated. In this case, the entire request to send it from the client will be handled by the forward proxy. In this case the forward proxy acting in the instead of the user will examine the request. First, it will establish which client has the authority to send requests to this particular forward proxy. It then will reject the request, and then forward it to the original server. The client is not able to have direct connection to the internet; it will only be able to connect to what forward proxy grants it access to.




A very common reasons for forward proxy is greater privacy or anonymity on the internet. A forward proxy can be utilized to access the internet in place of a client and may use a different IP address in place of the original IP address of the client.




Depending on how it's been configured in the past forward proxy servers may provide a variety of functions and let you:




Beware of ad-tracker.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can determine restrictions based upon your geolocation.




Forward proxies are also used for security systems that are centralized and permission based access like in the workplace. When all internet traffic passes through an open forward proxy layer, an administrator can grant access only to specific users to the internet, and this is blocked by a standard firewall. Instead of keeping firewalls in place to protect the client layer that could be comprised of a variety of devices that are different in environments and users, a firewall can be placed in the intermediate layer.




Be aware that forward proxy servers have to be manually configured for use, however reverse proxies will be not noticed to the user. Based on whether or not an IP address from a client is transmitted to the origin server through the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity can be granted, or ignored.




There are several possibilities to investigate to find forward-looking proxy services:




Apache is a well-known open-source web server, which provides forward proxy functions.


Nginx: Another widely used open-source web hosting server that has forward proxy functions.


Squid is an open source forward proxy that uses an HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide an entire web server. There is a video tutorial on how to configure Squid proxy for private connection on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP, making it more suitable for situations like peer-to peer traffic. It is also possible to look at how to configure a Dante proxy to connect privately using Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy acts as an agent on behalf of a web server, handling the incoming requests of clients on behalf of. This web server may consist of a single server or even multiple servers. It can also function in the role of an application server, such as Gunicorn. In any of these situations, a request could come from a client via the internet at large. In the majority of cases it will be routed straight to the web server that hosts the resources the client is in need of. Reverse proxy acts as an intermediary, which separates Web server from direct communication with the internet.




From a client's viewpoint, which is the user's perspective using reverse proxy isn't that different from connecting directly to your webserver. It's exactly the same, but the client can't be able to tell the distinction. The customer requests an item and is given it without any additional configuration needed to be done by the customer.




Reverse proxy proxy servers can offer options, such as:




A central layer of security that guards the server.


Controlling traffic inbound based on rules you can create.


A new feature to cache is now available.




Central security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy services, reverse proxies give this service to this web server layer, not the client layer. In lieu of maintaining firewalls at the web server layer that may contain multiple servers with various configurations, a majority of firewall security is directed at this layer. In addition, the absence of interfacing with firewalls and also interacting with the requests of clients from web servers enables them to concentrate solely on meeting the needs of their customers.




If there are multiple servers running through reverse proxy the reverse proxy determines the method of routing requests to which server. There are many web servers offering the same content but they may offer different kinds of resources, or some combination of both. These servers may use the HTTP protocol just like a standard web server, but they might also use applications server protocols such as FastCGI. It is also possible to set up reverse proxy in order to redirect clients to specific servers in accordance with the service requested or to follow certain rules for traffic load.




Reverse proxies may also make use of their position before web servers, by offering caching capabilities. Large static files may be managed by using caching rules that prevent the server from getting hit every time a request is made Certain solutions offer the possibility of providing static files without contacting the server in any way. In addition, the reverse proxy could manage the compression of these assets.




The well-known Nginx webserver is an extremely popular reverse proxy option. However, it is true that the Apache website server also equipped with a reverse proxy feature and is an alternative option for Apache in contrast to Nginx was initially designed for and specifically focused on reverse proxy capabilities.



Differentiating Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use Examples



Since "forward" in addition to "reverse" are ascribed to the notion of directionality and a false comparison between "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic These labels are confusing because both types of proxies manage the flow of requests as well as responses. Instead, a better way to differentiate between forward and reverse proxy services is to consider the needs of the app you're creating.




A reverse proxy can be helpful in the design of a solution that can serve web-based applications via the internet. They act as your servers throughout all interactions on the web.




A forward proxy can be helpful when placed before traffic from clients for personal use or in a work environment. They are a representation of your traffic whenever you interact on the internet.




The use case distinction as opposed to focusing only on the similar naming conventions can help in avoiding confusion.



Conclusion



This article will explain the definition of a proxy, with the two primary kinds being reverse and forward proxy. Practical application scenarios and a review of important characteristics were used to determine forward proxies as well as reverse proxies. If you're interested to learn more about the process of implementing proxy servers, check out our guide on how to set up Nginx as a web server and reverse proxy with Apache running on one Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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