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It's an proxy which is also known as a proxy server, is a software which acts as an intermediary between server and a client over the internet. With no proxy in place, a customer can send a request to an entity directly through a server, and the server would provide direct access to that resource for the client. Although this method is simple to understand and implement with proxy services, it may offer advantages in terms of more performance and privacy, security and more. As an additional pass-through layer proxy is an extra security layer on the internet between clients and servers.




The general collection of server hardware along with installed proxy software is also commonly referred to as proxy servers. This article will focus on proxy servers that are typically described as software and also within the context of web servers. This article will provide an extensive description of two primary types: a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own unique usage case, but they're often misunderstood due to the similar name-based convention.




This article will give you information about what proxies are and the subtypes of them and how they operate in the most common configurations. In this article you will be able to identify the situations in which you can benefit from a proxy, and select the right solution between forward proxy and reverse proxy in any circumstance.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy also known by its name of an open proxy, acts as an intermediary for a customer who would like to make a request via the internet to a source server. In this scenario it is the case that all requests made by the user would prefer to be handled by the forward proxy. A forward proxy acting in the on behalf of the user will review the request. First, it must determine if the client is allowed to make requests through this particular forward proxy. Then it can either reject the request or forward it to the original server. The client does not get direct internet access. It is only able to connect to what forward proxy permits for it to reach.




The most popular reasons for forward proxy is to improve privacy or anonymity on the internet. Forward proxy utilizes the internet as a client. In this manner, it may use an alternative IP address that is different to the client's initial IP address.




Depending on how it's been set up depending on the configuration forward proxy can offer a number of options and allow you to:




Beware of tracking ads.


Circumvent surveillance.


You will be able to identify any restrictions based upon your geographical location.




Forward proxies also are used in systems that provide central security and access through permissions, such as in workplaces. When all internet traffic passes through a common forward proxy, a manager could allow only a handful of clients access to the internet that is blocked by a standard firewall. Instead of putting firewalls in place to protect the client layer, which can include multiple machines that have different configurations and clients, the firewall can be placed within the layer that forwards proxy traffic.




Be aware that forward proxy servers must be set up manually to use them, while reverse proxy servers could go unnoticed from the customer. Depending on the type of IP address that the customer, if it is relayed back to the origin server via the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity can be granted, or not be noticed.




There are many possibilities to look into when it comes to forward proxy choices:




Apache An open source, well-known web server with forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx is another well-known open-source web server that has the ability to forward-proxy.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy which uses the HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide a complete internet server. It is possible to refer to our step-bystep guide for setting up Squid proxy to allow private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol rather than HTTP which is more suitable for peer-to-peer. It is also possible to learn how to install the Dante proxy for private connections on Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy serves as a proxy for a web server that handles any requests that come in from clients on behalf of. This server can be a single server or multiple servers. Furthermore, it could serve as an application server such as Gunicorn. In any case, the request will be received from a user via the web in general. Most of the time, the request will go directly to the web server with the information the client requires of. Instead, a reverse proxy serves as an intermediary, and separates it from direct interactions with the internet's open.




From the perspective of a user, interacting with reverse proxy isn't different from interacting with the web server directly. It's the same thing and the client is unable to tell the difference. The client requests the resource, and then gets it with no additional configuration required from the client.




Reverse proxy providers provide features like:




The web server is secured centrally.


The sending of traffic according to the rules you decide to determine.


Additional functionality for caching.




Central security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy service, reverse proxies give this benefit only to Web layer servers, but not to the layer of clients. Instead of implementing firewalls on the layer of web servers, which could contain multiple servers that have different configurations, the majority of firewall security lies on the reverse proxy layer. In addition, getting rid of the responsibility of communicating with firewalls and communicating with requests from clients that are not connected to web servers allows them to concentrate on delivering resources.




In the event of multiple servers existing in a reverse proxy the reverse proxy is also accountable to control which requests are routed to which servers. Multiple web servers could be providing the exact same resource, providing various kinds of resources or a mix of the two. They can utilize the HTTP protocol similar to an ordinary web server but they could include other protocols for application servers like FastCGI. There is the possibility to create reverse proxy servers to redirect clients to specific servers depending on the resource requested or to abide by specific rules regarding traffic load.




Reverse proxies may also profit by their position in front of web servers, providing caching functions. The large static file can be set up using caching rules to prevent having to contact web servers for every request, with some options allowing you to directly serve static content without having to connect to the web server at all times. In addition, the reverse proxy can manage compression of these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server functions as a very popular reverse proxy option. Even though Apache has a reverse proxy service it is not the only reverse proxy solution. Apache web server also comes with a reverse proxy which is an additional function for Apache however Nginx was originally designed to and focuses on the reverse proxy feature.



Differentiating Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Use Examples



Because "forward" and "reverse" are associated with a sense of directionality and can lead to misleading comparisons with "incoming" in addition to "outgoing" traffic These labels could be confusing because both types of proxy process requests and responses. A better approach to differentiate between forward and reverse proxies is to examine the requirements of the app you're building.




Reverse proxy can be a valuable tool for the creation of a solution to offer web-based services via the internet. They act as your web server whenever you interact using the internet.




Forward proxy apps are useful to display clients for personal usage, or even in a business environment. They are your client's proxy for all communications online.




The practice of separating by use case, instead of using standard naming conventions makes it simpler to avoid confusion.



Conclusion



This article explains what a proxy is along with two kinds, namely the forward proxy and the reverse proxy. Practical applications and a review of the benefits were used to distinguish forward proxies from reverse. If you'd like to discover the possibilities of proxy services, then you should read our tutorial on how to configure Nginx as an reverse proxy and internet server for Apache using the Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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